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Philippe Mora (born 1949〔) is a French-born Australian film director. Born in Paris in 1949, he grew up at the centre of the Australia arts scene of the 1950s and began making films while still a child.〔()〕 He is the eldest son of artist Mirka Mora and her late husband, restaurateur and gallery owner Georges Mora. He has two younger brothers - William Mora (b. 1953), a prominent art dealer, and Tiriel Mora (b. 1958), a well-known Australian actor. == Early life and career == From an early age, the Moras' family life placed Philippe at a focal point of the Australian arts scene. His mother Mirka Mora is a renowned painter, and his father Georges Mora (a French Resistance fighter during WWII) was a leading art entrepreneur and restauranteur. After a brief stint in New York, the family emigrated to Australia in 1951, settling in Melbourne, where the Moras founded the now-legendary Melbourne eateries Mirka Café and Café Balzac. In 1965 they opened the pioneering Tolarno Restaurant and Galleries in St Kilda, which became one of the most influential Australian modern art galleries of the period. The Mora family was closely associated with many of the most prominent artists and writers of the era, including the members of the now-legendary Heide Circle. The family's cafes and their house at Aspendale, south-east of Melbourne, were regularly visited by many of the most prominent figures in the Australian arts and letters, including Charles Blackman, Albert Tucker, John Perceval, Sidney Nolan, Joy Hester, John Olsen, Colin Lanceley, Gareth Sansom, Mike Brown, Martin Sharp, Asher Bilu, Ivan Durrant, Barrett Reid, Brian McArdle, Philip Jones, Barry Humphries, Robert Whitaker, Mark Strizic and Nigel Buesst. The Aspendale house, designed by architect Peter Burns, shared a common courtyard with the neighbouring home of the Moras' friends, influential art patrons Sunday Reed and John Reed, whose son Sweeney Reed became one of Philippe's closest friends. Mora's first home movie ''Back Alley'', now preserved in The National Film and Sound Archive, was made in 1964 when he was 15. This was a parody of ''West Side Story'' filmed in Flinder's Lane, just behind his mother’s studio at 9 Collins Street. The film features Mora, his brother William and friends, Peter Beilby and Sweeney Reed. His next film, ''Dreams in a Grey Afternoon'' (1965) was made as a silent movie but was screened with music by artist Asher Bilu. Shot on 8 mm and blown up to 16 mm, the film features stop-motion animation of sculptures by the Russian-Australian sculptor and painter Danila Vassilieff, and includes rare footage of John and Sunday Reed. His next project, ''Man in a Film'' (1966), was a pastiche of Federico Fellini's ''8½'' and was also influenced by his recent viewing of The Beatles' ''A Hard Day's Night''. Like its predecessor, it was made as a silent movie, shot on 8 mm and blown up to 16 mm, and again screened with music by Asher Bilu. ''Man in a Film'' starred Sweeney Reed and premiered at the Tolarno Galleries in early 1967. ''Give It Up'' (1967), shot in Fitzroy Street, Melbourne, again featured Reed, plus Don Watson and Philippe's younger brother Tiriel. The film symbolised Australian response to the Vietnam War by depicting a woman (played by Zara Bowman) being repeatedly kicked and beaten in the gutter of a busy street while onlookers do nothing.〔Note that this film is not listed by the Internet Movie Database as of 17 March 2012.〕 In 1967, Mora travelled to England and moved into 'The Pheasantry', an historic building in King's Road, Chelsea in London, which housed studios and a nightclub. This residence inspired the name of his production company, Pheasantry Films. A virtual "who's who" of London’s Sixties underground 'glitterati' lived in or close to The Pheasantry, including Martin Sharp, Eric Clapton, Germaine Greer, artist Timothy Whidborne, 'prominent London identity' David Litvinoff (production adviser on Nicolas Roeg's ''Performance''), writer Anthony Haden-Guest (author of ''The Last Party: Studio 54'', ''Disco and the Culture of the Night'') and another friend from Melbourne, photographer Robert Whitaker, lensman of choice for many leading rock groups on the scene, including The Beatles and Cream. As "Von Mora", during this time he contributed cartoons to ''Oz'' magazine and assisted co-editor Martin Sharp with the landmark "Magic Theatre" edition. He also made his next short film, ''Passion Play'', shot in the Pheasantry ca. 1967-1968 and featuring Jenny Kee as Mary Magdalene, Michael Ramsden as Jesus, and Mora himself as the Devil. Mora began painting as soon as he arrived in London, and one of his first London exhibitions was held at the gallery of Clytie Jessop, sister of Hermia Boyd (Hermia Lloyd-Jones), wife of noted ceramic artist David Boyd. Jessop was also a well-known actress and director who played the sinister Miss Jessell in Jack Clayton's classic supernatural thriller ''The Innocents'' (1961), and later directed the film ''Emma's War'' (1988) starring Lee Remick and a young Miranda Otto. Jessop invited Mora to exhibit at her gallery in the Kings Road where the show was a great success — much to Mora's surprise - garnering excellent reviews and generating numerous sales. By his own admission, he was so impoverished at the time that he had been forced to use house paint impregnated with insecticide for his paintings, a necessity he turned to his advantage by telling potential buyers that his paintings were "not only art, but they also kill flies". More exhibitions at Clytie Jessop's gallery followed, with titles such as "Anti-Social Realism" and "Vomart". Eric Clapton bought one of the paintings from the latter exhibition, which depicted a shot-putter about to throw and simultaneously throwing up in a style reminiscent of the provocative Dada art of Barry Humphries. Mora also held a show at the Sigi Krauss gallery where Martin Sharp also exhibited, featuring pictures painted in black and white. The show also included a grey male rat which he had bought from Harrods. When the rat turned out to be female and gave birth, he tried unsuccessfully to sell the babies as 'multiples' in a limited edition of eight. The rat show attracted the interest of German avant-garde artist Klaus Stacks, who commissioned Mora to produce an edition of a hundred screen prints of the mother rat. In February 1971, Joseph Beuys and Erwin Heerich invited him to sign a "Call to Action" manifesto demanding the freeing of the German art market. His next show was an Easter Crucifixion exhibition at the Sigi Krauss gallery featuring a life-size sculpture of a sitting man made entirely of meat and offal, similar to Robert Whitaker's controversial "butcher" cover photos for the Beatles' 1966 ''Yesterday and Today'' album. At this exhibition Mora also screened his 8 mm 'film painting' ''Passion Play'' back-projected onto a screen framed in gold leaf. Although none of the exhibits were by Mora, Stanley Kubrick's art director purchased some of artist Herman Makkink's work for use in the film ''A Clockwork Orange'', notably the giant white phallus and the chorus line of dancing Jesus sculptures. Mora's provocative and highly symbolic offal exhibit caused a stir. A brick was thrown through the gallery window, which led to it being featured on the cover of ''Time Out''. Later, as the piece began to putrify, the police were called after Princess Margaret, dining at the restaurant across the street, complained about the stench. Detectives from Scotland Yard descended on the gallery and demanded that the sculpture be removed, but gallery owner Krauss refused. The police claimed it was a health hazard and forced him to move it into the garden, where it gradually rotted away. ''Trouble in Molopolis'' (1970), Mora's first feature-length film, was financed by the unlikely partnership of Arthur Boyd and Eric Clapton. It was shot in London, with Mora recalling, "every Australian I knew was pulled into the picture". It was filmed in Robert Hughes' apartment and at the Pheasantry. Germaine Greer played a cabaret singer, Jenny Kee was 'Shanghai Lil', Laurence Hope played a gangster, Martin Sharp featured as a mime and Richard Neville as a PR man. Tony Cahill from The Easybeats created the music with Jamie Boyd before the film premiered at the Paris Pullman cinema in Chelsea, as an ''Oz'' benefit. Introduced by George Melly, the star of the film, John Ivor Golding, also made a memorable appearance at the premiere, defecating in the front row and then passing out in an alcoholic coma. In 1975, Mora wrote and directed, ''Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?'',〔〔 a documentary about the 1930s consisting of a series of film clips and photographs from newsreels, Hollywood films reflecting historical events and those about making movies as well as outtakes, promos, and home movies. This was followed in 1976 by his first theatrical release, ''Mad Dog Morgan'',〔 which he also wrote and directed. The film starred Dennis Hopper, Jack Thompson, David Gulpilil, Bill Hunter and Frank Thring.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mad Dog Morgan )〕 ''Mad Dog Morgan'' was the first Australian movie to get a 40-cinema release in the United States. It went on to receive the John Ford Award in Cannes in 1976 as part of US Bicentennial celebrations while in 1977 Mora was nominated by the Australian Film Institute for 'Best Director' for the film. After making ''The Beast Within'', his first film in America, Mora's next project was the parodic superhero musical, ''The Return of Captain Invincible'', starring Alan Arkin, Christopher Lee, Kate Fitzpatrick and an all-star Australian cast, with songs by ''Rocky Horror Show'' creator Richard O'Brien. The film has long been regarded as a cult classic and recently became a minor hit in the US when it was re-released on DVD, due in part to its now-poignant final scene, in which Captain Invincible flies past the World Trade Center. These were followed by ''A Breed Apart'' with Rutger Hauer and Kathleen Turner, the werewolf horror movies ''The Howling II'' & ''The Howling III'', and the political drama ''Death of a Soldier'', starring James Coburn, which was based on the infamous Melbourne wartime Eddie Leonski murder case. Mora's next film used the plot of the best-selling book ''Communion'', by his old friend from his London days in the late 1960s, artist, author and broadcaster Whitley Strieber. Released in 1989, the film starred Christopher Walken and was based on Strieber's own alleged encounters with aliens. Film credits as director as well as occasional writer and actor during the 1990s included the horror spoof ''Pterodactyl Woman From Beverly Hills'' (1994) with Beverly D'Angelo, Barry Humphries (in three roles), Moon Unit Zappa and Philippe's children Georges and Madeleine; ''Art Deco Detective'' (1994); ''Precious Find'' (1996) a sci-fi version of ''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'', which reunited two actors from Ridley Scott's ''Blade Runner'', Rutger Hauer and the late Brion James. For television, Mora directed ''Mercenary II: Thick & Thin'' (1997), and the films ''Back in Business'' (1997), ''Snide and Prejudice'' (1998), and ''Burning Down the House'' (1998). In the early 2000s Mora's began work on a still-unfinished film project titled ''When We Were Modern''〔("Director continues to strike a nerve", ''The Age'', 14 May 2002 )〕 which in part touched on his own life and experience. The film's plot explores on the tangled relationships of the Heide inner circle — Sidney Nolan, Joy Hester, Albert Tucker and John and Sunday Reed. In the 1940s, after deserting from the army, Nolan took refuge at the Reed's famous house "Heide", and it was here that he made the first paintings in his now world-famous Ned Kelly series. During this time Nolan also conducted an open affair with Sunday Reed, but she refused to leave her husband and marry Nolan, so he subsequently married John’s Reed’s sister, Cynthia Hansen instead. The marriage eventually broke up, and when Cynthia committed suicide in 1976, her death sparked a bitter feud between Nolan and author Patrick White, which lasted until the end of their lives. White excoriated Nolan for abandoning his first wife Elizabeth (who was a close friend of his) and for remarrying (to Mary Perceval) so soon after Cynthia's death. At the time the project was announced, Mora had cast Australian actor Clayton Watson (''The Matrix'') to play Nolan, with American actors Alec Baldwin as John Reed and Jennifer Jason Leigh as Sunday Reed. During pre-production, Mora discovered previously unseen home movies of the Heide circle, including the only films of Joy Hester and the Mirka Café. ''When We Were Modern'' was to have been dedicated to Sweeney Reed, who committed suicide in March 1979, aged 34. Sweeney was to have featured prominently as a character, and as a tribute to him, Mora reportedly planned to screen some of the footage from ''Back Alley'' under the closing credits. Mora labored on the project for several years but unfortunately - despite the historical significance of the characters it portrayed - it was rejected by Australian film funding bodies. Since that time Mora has worked on several other features and documentaries, but in May 2012 the (Deadline Hollywood ) website reported that he is returning to the film, which he now intends to make as an animated feature, using a combination of hand puppets, stop motion and conventional animation, with the last act in 3D, supervised by 3D cinematographer Dave Gregory. The report also indicates that Clayton Watson will still portray Nolan, but will now perform the role as a voice actor. Interviewed for the report, Mora commented: "“Personally I loved John and Sunday, and Sweeney Reed, their adopted son, was my best friend as a kid. My parents helped John and Sunday set up the Museum of Modern Art of Australia. This Nolan-Reed ménage is an important story that must be told honestly, no holds barred. It’s a great Australian epic of love and modernism. We are using puppets done in the style of the painters involved.”〔(''Deadline Hollywood'' )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Philippe Mora」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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